{"id":1935,"date":"2026-03-30T02:30:53","date_gmt":"2026-03-30T02:30:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dema.vn\/?p=1935"},"modified":"2026-03-30T02:31:37","modified_gmt":"2026-03-30T02:31:37","slug":"5-nguyen-nhan-gay-su-co-san-cong-nghiep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dema.vn\/index.php\/vi\/2026\/03\/30\/5-nguyen-nhan-gay-su-co-san-cong-nghiep\/","title":{"rendered":"PH\u00c2N T\u00cdCH H\u1eceNG H\u00d3C S\u00c0N C\u00d4NG NGHI\u1ec6P: 5 NGUY\u00caN NH\u00c2N C\u1ed0T L\u00d5I T\u1ea0I C\u00c1C NH\u00c0 M\u00c1Y VI\u1ec6T NAM"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>T\u1ed5ng quan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u00e0n h\u1ecfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 thi c\u00f4ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng m\u00e1c cao (MPa cao) \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng:<\/strong> S\u00e0n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i suy gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 logistics th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3: <\/strong>B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t r\u00e3 b\u1ee5i (dusting), khe co gi\u00e3n xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p, bong tr\u00f3c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (delamination) v\u00e0 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n gia t\u1ed1c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c chu k\u1ef3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, g\u00e2y hao m\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5: <\/strong>Thi\u1ebfu k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (surface engineering) t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/dema.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Bai-dang-website-PCE-1-Trang-web-11-1024x576.png\" alt=\"5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam\" class=\"wp-image-1936\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dema.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Bai-dang-website-PCE-1-Trang-web-11-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/dema.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Bai-dang-website-PCE-1-Trang-web-11-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/dema.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Bai-dang-website-PCE-1-Trang-web-11-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/dema.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Bai-dang-website-PCE-1-Trang-web-11-360x202.png 360w, https:\/\/dema.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Bai-dang-website-PCE-1-Trang-web-11-373x210.png 373w, https:\/\/dema.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Bai-dang-website-PCE-1-Trang-web-11-620x349.png 620w, https:\/\/dema.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Bai-dang-website-PCE-1-Trang-web-11-460x259.png 460w, https:\/\/dema.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Bai-dang-website-PCE-1-Trang-web-11-365x205.png 365w, https:\/\/dema.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Bai-dang-website-PCE-1-Trang-web-11.png 1366w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-regular-font-size\"><strong>1. \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00ea t\u00f4ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kho\u1ea3ng 5\u20136 tr\u00ean thang Mohs, th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xe n\u00e2ng t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1:<\/strong> S\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb b\u00e1nh xe c\u1ee9ng l\u00e0m ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn r\u00e3 b\u1ee5i, x\u00f3i m\u00f2n si\u00eau nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 l\u00e0m y\u1ebfu b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/strong> N\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00ean <strong>6\u20139 Mohs<\/strong> b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 <strong>Demahard\u00ae<\/strong>, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-regular-font-size\"><strong>2. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n k\u00e9m<\/strong><br><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e9n (MPa) m\u00e0 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua:<\/strong> EN 13892-4, BS8204 \u2013 Ph\u1ea7n 2 v\u00e0 TR34<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3: <\/strong>Thi\u1ebfu m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3: <\/strong>S\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ecfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-regular-font-size\"><strong>3. Bong tr\u00f3c c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e1i di\u1ec5n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb n\u1ec1n (substrate) \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>X\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc k\u00e9m.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n tr\u00ean s\u00e0n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n li\u00ean k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u1eafc k\u1eb9t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3: <\/strong>L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi n\u1ec1n, t\u1ea1o khu v\u1ef1c r\u1ed7ng (hollow zones), n\u1ee9t v\u00e0 bong t\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: <\/strong>\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 Demalay\u00ae v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-regular-font-size\"><strong>4. S\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u01a1i \u1ea9m<\/strong><br><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi d\u1ea7u, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, axit nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chu k\u1ef3 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1:<\/strong> B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ea t\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c r\u1ed7ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac mao d\u1eabn, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5m.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3: <\/strong>G\u00e2y \u0103n m\u00f2n, n\u1ee9t b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 bong tr\u00f3c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (scaling).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/strong> C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5m, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p b\u00ean trong.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-regular-font-size\"><strong>5. Thi\u1ebfu ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng giao th\u00f4ng<\/strong><br><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:<\/strong> T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng k\u1ec7 kho t\u0129nh (static racking loads) v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a xe n\u00e2ng (dynamic forklift impact).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1:<\/strong> T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng b\u00e1nh xe \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o ra va \u0111\u1eadp l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, rung \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: <\/strong>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 giao th\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a s\u00e0n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi m\u00e1c b\u00ea t\u00f4ng (MPa). Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DEMA JSC t\u00edch h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u00e0n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao cho:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83c\udfed Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y FDI<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udce6 Kho x\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00e2y s\u1eb5n (RBF)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udea2 H\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ea3ng bi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 thay v\u00ec tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c chu k\u1ef3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng sang s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p class=\"tx-excerpt\">T\u1ed5ng quan T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u00e0n h\u1ecfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1936,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1935","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-insights-vi"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>5 Nguy\u00ean Nh\u00e2n Khi\u1ebfn S\u00e0n Nh\u00e0 X\u01b0\u1edfng Nhanh H\u1ecfng &amp; Gi\u1ea3i Ph\u00e1p T\u1eeb DEMA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u1ea1i sao s\u00e0n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng m\u00e1c cao v\u1eabn b\u1ecb bong tr\u00f3c, b\u00e1m b\u1ee5i? 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